Dalmatian Toadflax- List B – to be eliminated or suppressed depending on the infestation
- Native to the Mediterrean area introduces as ornamental plant
- Tall (3ft) plant that reproduces by seed and creeping underground roots
- One plant can produce 500,000 seeds but does not spread far
- Control best accomplished by early detection and eradication or multiple management strategies
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Diffuse Knapweed- List B – to be eliminated or suppressed depending on the infestation
- Native to the Mediterranean area
- Tends to invade disturbed or overgrazed areas and roadsides
- One plant can produce 18,000 seeds that may remain dormant for years but still be viable
- Also known to outcompete native plants by releasing a chemical in the soil that suppresses other plant growth
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Leafy Spurge- List B – to be eliminated or suppressed depending on the infestation
- Native to central and southern Europe
- Long-living creeping perennial that spreads by seed but also has extensive root system that makes control difficult
- A management scheme that combines control methods over four to five years is recommended
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Musk Thistle- List B – to be eliminated or suppressed depending on the infestation
- Spreads only by seed but one plant can produce up to 20,000 seeds
- Prefers open degraded habitat and pastures
- Can grow up to 6 feet tall
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Myrtle Spurge- List A – must be eradicated on all property
- also called "donkey tail" or "creeping spurge"
- drought-tolerant perennial native to Eurasia, first introduced to North America as an ornamental
- considered a noxious weed because it is aggressive and proliferates easily, outcompetes native plants, and has toxic milky sap
Replacements for Myrtle Spurge- Colorado Four o'clock (Mirabilis multiflora)
- Sulphur-flower Buckwheat (Eriogonum umbellatum)
- Kinnikinnick (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi)
- Creeping Barberry (Mahonia repens)
- Four-nerve Daisy (Tetraneuris acaulis)
- Tufted Evening Primrose (Oenothera caespitosa)
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